Which rebellion was led by Hong Xiuquan against the Qing dynasty?

The Taiping Rebellion was a significant and ambitious uprising led by Hong Xiuquan against the Qing dynasty from 1850 to 1864. Hong Xiuquan, who proclaimed himself the brother of Jesus Christ, sought to establish a new Christian utopia in China and believed that the Qing dynasty was corrupt and illegitimate. He rallied a massive following, promoting reforms like land redistribution and social equality.

The impact of the Taiping Rebellion was monumental; it resulted in one of the deadliest conflicts in history, with millions of casualties. Hong's vision and the rebellion reflected the social and economic unrest within China during the mid-19th century, particularly in the face of imperial decline and foreign influence. The movement not only challenged the Qing dynasty's authority but also highlighted the struggles between tradition and modernity, religion and politics in China's complex history.

The other rebellions listed, such as the Boxer Rebellion, were later and had different motivations focusing more on anti-foreign sentiments, whereas the Taiping Rebellion was characterized by a strong ideological foundation rooted in Christianity and internal reform.